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Rosuvastatin is at least as potent as any of the other wellknown statins Table 1 ; . It clearly more potent than fluvastatin and pravastatin. The compound also exhibits over 1000-fold greater selectivity for inhibition of primary rat hepatocytes compared with cultured rat fibroblasts, due to active uptake into the liver-derived cells [7]. The compound is also relatively resistant to metabolism by human cytochrome P450 3A4. These characteristics probably contribute to its ability to reduce LDL cholesterol by up to 65% [7]. In conclusion, the mechanism, kinetics and thermodynamics of binding of rosuvastatin to HMG-CoAR have been determined. These properties, together with clinical evidence, indicate potential for the compound to be a highly effective new treatment for dyslipidaemia.
Effects of Fluvastatin on the Carotid Arterial Media as Assessed by Integrated Backscatter Ultrasound Compared With Pulse-Wave Velocity Haruko Yokoyama, Masanori Kawasaki, Yoko Ito, Shinya Minatoguchi, and Hisayoshi Fujiwara J. Am. Coll. Cardiol. published online Nov 2, 2005; doi: 10.1016 j.jacc.2005.06.084.
With Cupini, Enrico ; The adjoint advection-diffusion equation in stationary and time dependent problems: a reciprocity relation. English summary ; Riv. Mat. Univ. Parma 6 ; 4 2001 ; , 919. Summary ; 2003h: 76118 76R50 ; Bugaev, E. V. with Konishchev, K. V. ; Cosmological constraints from evaporation of primordial black holes. English summary ; Phys. Rev. D 3 ; 66 2002 ; , no. 8, 084004, 11 pp. Summary ; 2003k: 83155 83F05 ; Bugaev, Yu. V. Application of a direct generalization of scalar algorithms in vector optimization on graphs. Russian. Russian summary ; Diskret. Mat. 13 2001 ; , no. 3, 110124; translation in Discrete Math. Appl. 11 2001 ; , no. 5, 445460. Peter Kochel ; 2003d: 90085 90C29 ; Bugajewska, D. On topological structure of solution sets for delay and functional-differential equations. English summary ; Z. Anal. Anwendungen 20 2001 ; , no. 4, 10751080. From the introduction ; 2003m: 34149 34K05 Bugajewski, D. Fixed point theorems in locally convex spaces. English summary ; Acta Math. Hungar. 98 2003 ; , no. 4, 345355. Christian Fenske ; 2003k: 47083 47H10.
Our patent protection for Neoral, generic companies have launched competing products in the US, some European countries and elsewhere, and this competition is expected to continue. See ``--Intellectual Property'' for further information. Femara letrozole tablets letrozole ; is a once-daily oral aromatase inhibitor for the treatment of early stage or advanced breast cancer in post-menopausal women. Femara was first launched in 1996 and is currently available in more than 90 countries. Femara is approved in the US, EU and other countries as adjuvant therapy for postmenopausal women with hormone-receptor positive early breast cancer. Femara is also approved in the US, EU and other countries as extended adjuvant therapy for early breast cancer in post-menopausal women who are within 3 months of completing five years of adjuvant tamoxifen therapy. Femara is also approved globally as first-line treatment for post-menopausal women with hormone receptor positive locally advanced or metastatic breast cancer, and as treatment for advanced breast cancer in post-menopausal women with disease progression following anti-estrogen therapy. In some countries, Femara is approved as neo-adjuvant pre-operative ; therapy for early stage breast cancer. In Japan, Femara is approved for the treatment of all hormone receptor positive, post-menopausal breast cancer. A global registration dossier based on the switch data from the BIG 1-98 study is expected to be submitted in 2009. Lotrel amlodipine besylate and benazepril hydrochloride ; is a fixed combination high blood pressure treatment consisting of the angiotensin-converting enzyme ACE ; inhibitor benazepril, used in Lotensin Cibacen, and the leading calcium channel blocker CCB ; amlodipine. Launched in 1995 and only available in the US, Lotrel received generic competition in May 2007, as a result of a ``launch at risk'' of a generic product by Teva Pharmaceuticals, despite a valid US patent until 2017. Our Sandoz Division has also launched an authorized generic version of this high blood pressure medicine. A trial date has not been set for the ongoing lawsuit against Teva, which risks potentially significant damages if Novartis prevails. Lotrel is further being evaluated in a patient outcome trial to establish whether it is more effective than an ACE inhibitor plus diuretic in reducing cardiovascular morbidity and mortality in high-risk patients. Trileptal oxcarbazepine ; is an anti-epileptic drug for the treatment of partial seizures as adjunctive or monotherapy in both adults and children aged four years and above. In the US, Trileptal has also been approved for the treatment of partial seizures as adjunctive therapy in children aged two and above. Trileptal acts by stabilizing neuronal functions, thereby controlling and limiting the spread of seizures. It was first approved in Denmark in 1990, in the rest of the EU in 1999, and in the US in 2000 and is available in 60 countries. Our competitors launched generic versions of Trileptal in the US and certain European countries during 2007. Voltaren Cataflam diclofenac sodium potassium ; is a leading non-steroidal anti-inflammatory drug NSAID ; for the treatment of inflammatory forms of rheumatism, as well as pain and inflammation. Voltaren Cataflam was first launched in 1973 and is available in nearly every country of the world. This product, which has been experiencing generic competition for many years, has a wide variety of dosage forms marketed by the Pharmaceuticals Division. In addition, in certain countries, our Consumer Health Division's OTC Business Unit markets a topical therapy Voltaren Emulgel, and a transdermal patch for the treatment of inflammation of muscles and joints and for certain localized forms of rheumatism. Lescol fluvastatin sodium ; is a lipid-lowering drug used to reduce cholesterol. Lescol is indicated as an adjunct to diet for the treatment of hypercholesterolemia and mixed dyslipidemia, and to slow the progression of coronary atherosclerosis in patients with coronary heart disease. Lescol was first launched in 1994 and is available in more than 65 countries.
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Local authorities are responsible for meeting the housing needs of people who are homeless. They assess applications from people who are homeless, if accepted as homeless, people are given overall priority for housing, but must still wait until suitable housing becomes available. Single people are not generally housed by local authorities, unless they are aged over 50. In addition to providing housing from their own stock, local authority housing departments should provide advice and information to all applicants on the range of housing options available. Private rented housing is an important source of accommodation for single homeless people and the voluntary agencies included in this section have expertise on this sector, and will usually assist people to find private rented housing. The Homeless Persons Unit service is for single people, couples and families. It makes social welfare payments and provides information and referral to emergency accommodation. Bed and breakfast accommodation can only be accessed through the Homeless Persons Unit. The unit operates a freephone 1800 724 ; between 10am1am everyday. The Out of Hours Service is for young people under 18 who are out of home. It provides an emergency and out of hours social work service and has sole referral rights to emergency accommodation for young people. It can be accessed through the freephone 1800 724.
The seeds of the milk thistle plant are commonly used to protect the liver from damage caused by hepatitis viruses as well as alcohol and other substances. Compounds found in milk thistle -- sylibin, sylimarin -- act as antioxidants and also stimulate the repair of the liver. But now it appears that these and possibly other compounds in milk thistle can have other effects. Researchers at the University of Pittsburgh have suspected that milk thistle can slow down or reduce the activity of enzymes in the liver. What does this have to do with HIV? you might ask. Well, enzymes in the liver break down many of the substances that we eat and drink, including medications. If the activity of these enzymes are reduced, then drugs remain in the blood longer than they otherwise might. This could lead to having higher-than-expected levels of drugs in the body, causing side effects or intensifying already-existing side effects. Indeed, in recent experiments using milk thistle and human liver cells, the researchers found that relatively small concentrations of milk thistle did significantly slow down the activity of the liver enzyme CYP3A4 by 50% to 100%. Many medications taken by people with HIV AIDS PHAs ; -- such as protease inhibitors and non-nukes -- are processed by this liver enzyme. If milk thistle is taken by someone using protease inhibitors or non-nukes, it has the potential to raise levels of these drugs, causing unpleasant or even dangerous side effects. Below is a short list of some other medications that are processed through the CYP3A4 enzyme. Levels of these medications may increase if taken by people who are also using milk thistle. This list is not exhaustive: methadone heart drugs Tambocor flecainide ; , Rythmol propafenone ; antibiotics erythromycin, rifampin anti-seizure drugs carbamazepine Tegretol ; antidepressants St. John's wort, Zyban Wellbutrin bupropion ; , Paxil paroxetine ; , Prozac fluoxetine ; , Luvox fluvoxetine ; Serzone nefazodone ; , Zoloft sertraline ; , Effexor venlafaxine ; antihistamines Hismanal astemizole ; , Seldane terfenadine ; antifungals itraconazole Sporanox ; , Ketoconazole Nizoral ; gastrointestinal motility agents Prepulsid Cisapride ; ergot drugs Ergonovine, Ergomar ergotamine ; anti-psychotics Clozaril clozapine ; , Orap pimozide ; sedatives sleeping pills Ambien zolpidem ; , Halcion triazolam ; , Versed midazolam ; lipid-lowering drugs statins ; Lescol fluvastatin ; , Mevacor lovastatin ; , Pravachol pravastatin ; and Zocor simvastatin ; , Baycol cerivastatin ; transplant drugs cyclosporine Neoral, Sandimmune ; , ProGraf tacrolimus and focalin.
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FIG. 3. Effects of atorvastatin treatments on P450 mRNA levels in primary cultured rat hepatocytes. Freshly isolated hepatocytes were prepared from two different rat livers and placed into primary culture, as described under Materials and Methods. Forty-eight hours after plating, the cultures were incubated with Williams' Medium E alone UT ; , or containing 0.1% DMSO vehicle control ; , 10 5 M -naphthoflavone BNF, in DMSO ; , 10 4 M phenobarbital PB, in water ; , 10 5 M dexamethasone Dex, in DMSO ; , 10 4 M ciprofibrate Cipro, in DMSO ; , 3 10 5 fluvastatin Fluva, in water ; , or 3 10 the active Atorva ; or inactive 3S, 5S-Atorva ; enantiomer of atorvastatin in DMSO ; . Twenty-four hours after treatment, hepatocytes were harvested for the preparation of total RNA, followed by analysis of CYP1A1, CYP2B, CYP3A, CYP4A, and HMG-CoA reductase HMGRed ; mRNA levels by Northern blot hybridization. After initial hybridization of membranes with cDNA probe, blots were rehybridized with a cDNA to 7S RNA, to permit normalization for loading and transfer among samples. Left, autoradiographs of Northern blots from one rat hepatocyte culture experiment. Right, autoradiographic data from each experiment were quantified by scanning laser densitometry and normalized, as described under Materials and Methods, except that the PB, Dex, Cipro, and Fluva groups were used as the positive control groups for CYP2B, CYP3A, CYP4A, and HMG-CoA reductase, respectively. Each column represents the mean relative mRNA value range.
Raquo; get it now content provided in partnership with fluvastatin reduced risk of serious cardiac events for patients with several blocked coronary arteries to patients with disease in only one vessel market wire , march, 2003 e-mail print link a new analysis of data from the landmark lescol intervention prevention study lips ; indicates that administering the cholesterol-lowering medication fluvastatin 80mg at time of first angioplasty reduced the risk of fatal and serious nonfatal cardiac events in high-risk patients with blockages in more than one artery by 34 per cent p 01 ; , reducing their risk to the level of patients with only a single blocked artery and follistim.
In this study, we show that specific mitochondrial damage induces morphological and functional changes in platelets that resemble those of PSL. We further demonstrate that inhibition of platelet-derived metalloproteinase s ; during platelet in vitro aging or mitochondrial damage markedly improves the recovery of these cells in mice and.
The Federal Maximum Allowable Cost FMAC ; pertains to multi-source generic drug products. The FMAC limitations shall not apply in those cases where the prescriber certifies in his or her own handwriting that a specific brand name drug is medically necessary for the patient. The prescriber certifies medical necessity by writing the words "BRAND MEDICALLY NECESSARY" or "BRAND NECESSARY" on the face of the prescription at the time it is written. Then, and only then, can a pharmacy assign a positive "DAW" indicator to the claim. Never use a positive DAW indicator DAW "YES" or DAW 1 ; on any claims for a generic drug. State Maximum Allowable Cost SMAC ; Drugs The State Maximum Allowable Cost SMAC ; pertains to multi-source generic drug products. The State MAC limitations shall not apply to those cases where the prescriber certifies in his or her own handwriting that a specific brand name drug is medically necessary for the patient. The prescriber certifies medical necessity by writing the words "BRAND MEDICALLY NECESSARY" on the face of the prescription at the time it is written. Then, and only then, can a pharmacy assign a positive "DAW" indicator to the claims. NEVER USE A POSITIVE "DAW" INDICATOR DAW 1 ; ON ANY CLAIMS FOR A GENERIC DRUG. Proper use of the "DAW" indicator on pharmacy claims will be audited. Documentation for a positive "DAW" on telephone prescriptions must be on file within thirty 30 ; days of prescription origination. Documentation for a positive "DAW" for nursing facility recipient prescription claims must consist of a letter on file in the pharmacy, signed by the physician, for each prescription where a positive "DAW" is affixed to the claim. The following drugs have a State Maximum Allowable Cost Fluoxetine HC1 10mg Cap Fluoxetine HC1 10mg Tab Fluoxetine HC1 20mg Cap Fluoxetine HC1 20mg Tab Fluoxetine HC1 20mg 5ml Fluoxetine HC1 40mg Cap Metformin 1000mg Tab Metformin 500mg Tab Metformin 850mg Tab NaCl 0.9 Soln 50ml NaCl 0.9 Soln 100ml NaCl 0.9 Soln 250ml NaCl 0.9 Soln 500ml NaCl 0.9 Soln 1000ml Sotalol 160mg Sotalol 120mg Sotalol 80mg Tramadol 50mg Lisinopril 2.5mg Tab Lisinopril 5mg Tab Lisinopril 10mg Tab Lisinopril 12.5mg Tab Lisinopril 20mg Tab Lisinopril 30mg Tab Lisinopril 40mg Tab and formoterol.
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Unclear and there is no evidence of lymphoma in lymph nodes, it would be appropriate to code the lymphoma to unknown primary site. For example, if the patient has bulky disease in both the lung and paraspinal soft tissues without lymph nodes involved ; , it may not be possible to determine which location is the site of origin; therefore, coding to C80.9 is correct. Another example would be a death certificate only case or one diagnosed at a different facility and reported as an "extranodal" lymphoma but the site of origin isl not specified. This case is also appropriately coded to C80.9. Bear in mind that there is no change in coding guidelines for lymphomas arising in lymph nodes or in lymphoid tissues. It is understood that coding lymphomas to an unknown primary is a new concept; computer edits are being revised to accommodate them. 6. Using a grade designation to assign 6" digit differentiation In some instances, the term "grade" does not imply differentiation and should not be used to code the 6i digit of the morphology code. For example, in describing some diseases, pathologists use the term "grade" as a synonym for "type" or "category." Registrars, on the other hand, recognize the term "grade" as an indicator of cell differentiation that is coded in the 6i 6 digit of the ICD-O morphology code. It is important to recognize when the term "grade" refers to category and when it refers to biologic activity. For example, the grades of nodular sclerosing Hodgkin lymphoma and follicular lymphoma are actually types or categories of these diseases. The 6" digit should NOT be coded as grade 1, 2 or 3 for these cases. However, a poorly-differentiated lymphocytic lymphoma or a B-cell or T-cell lymphoma should be coded in the 6 1 digit of the morphology code. Other terms described as high grade or low grade as part of the diagnostic term may be used to code the 6' digit of the morphology code. 7. Assigning 6" digit immunophenotype. Sixth digit codes for T-cell, B-cell, and NK-cell phenotyping of lymphomas and leukemias should be based on the diagnosis as specifically stated in the pathology report. Sixth digit phenotype codes should not be used when T- or B- cell is implied from the boldface header in the morphology numeric list. In other words, if no T- or B-cell designation is provided in the pathology or laboratory report, do NOT code the T- or B- cell designation based on the boldface header in ICD-O-3. For example, a diffuse large B-cell lymphoma would be coded to 9680 36; a diffuse centroblastic lymphoma would be coded to 9680 39. When cases are analyzed, they can be grouped by cell line as stated in the category headings in the lymphoma and leukemia sections of the morphology numeric list. 8. Assigning topography for hematopoietic diseases According to the medical understanding on which the World Health Organization Classification of Hematopoiedic Neoplasms is based, some lymphomas and leukemias are the same disease process with different presentations. For a~ample, the WHO Classification lists B-cell chronic lymphocytic leukemia small lymphocytic lymphoma BCCLLJSLL ; as a single entity, the same disease at different stages. The hematopathologists on the ICD-O-3 development .ommittee recommended a single code number to represent the disease. However, since ICD-O is a subset of ICD-10 and ICD-10 is used to code mortality throughout the world, if a single ICD-O3 code were used, there would be no way to determine whether a death was due to lymphoma or leukemia which are coded separately in lCD-10. As a result, it was necessary to retain separate codes for chronic lymphocytic leukemia and small lymphocytic lymphoma and link them. Thus t for the first time in ICD-O editions, some single disease entities are listed in two different categories and cross-referen, ed with the notation see also M-9 - ; . The topographic or primary site code for a diagnosis such as BCCLL SLL depends on where the disease is diagnosed: if disease is diagnosed only in the blood or bone marrow, code the primary site to'IC42.1, bone marrow and assign the leukemia morphology code. If the diagnosis is made on any other tissue typically lymph nodes, lymphatic structures, breast, and stomach ; , code to the tissue involved and assign the lymphoma morphology. If the diagnosis is made on both blood or bone marrow and a tissue biopsy, code the tissue involved and assign the lymphoma morphology. The sequence of the biopsies whether the blood bone marrow biopsy is done before the tissue biopsy or vice versa ; is not a factor in deciding which primary site and morphology code to use. For purposes of analysis according to the WHO Classification, cases from both morphology codes should be aggregated. 9. "Code to the higher morphology code" The g neral ICD-O-3 guideline to use the numerically higher morphology code if the diagnosis of a single tumor includes tw modifying adjectives with different code numbers Rule K ; does not apply to the hematopoietic diseases M-9590-9989 in general. For the hematopoietic diseases, code to the more specific morphology, if that can be determined, which may of be the numerically higher code number. For example, if the facility pathology report states "diffuse large B-cell lymp ; ioma" M-9680 3 ; and a consultant reports the same tissue to be "mantle cell lymphoma" M-9673 3 ; , code the case to M-9673 3. The primary term for M-9680 3 includes the term NOS not otherwise specified ; and the code contains 21, synonyms; thus it can be considered a non-specific diagnosis. On the other hand, the primary term for M-9673 3 doenot include the term NOS and may therefore be considered more specific. When in doubt which code to use, consult a medical advisor or pathologist. Hematopoietic Diseases Clarifications May 22, 2001 SEER Program, NCI.
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Department of Pharmacology and Clinical Pharmacology S.F.Z., J.W.P., M.D.T. ; , Auckland Cancer Society Research Center P.K. ; , The University of Auckland, Auckland, New Zealand Received May 4, 2000; accepted August 23, 2000.
These non-local models with meridional circulation, where the flow upwells and separates at the equator, hemispherical sunspot numbers do couple the active degrees of freedom and should be treated separately. Nonlinear time series analysis is used to investigate whether the signature of chaotic behavior can be observed in north and south hemisphere daily sunspot number data. An additional reason to treat them separately is that for slightly phase shifted records such as the northern and southern solar hemisphere sunspot numbers, the usefulness of these methods is reduced because summing results in a loss of information. For the purposes of this analysis, the continuous and self-consistent sunspot number data set is superior to sunspot area data that is currently available from the various observatories. These data currently suffer from significant gaps in the record making them inapplicable for techniques requiring uniform sampling. In addition, data from different sources are frequently difficult to reconcile. The data are divided into three sections: the 22 cycle post-maximum descending section 22D ; , the 22-to23 intercycle minimum MIN ; and the cycle 23 ascending and fortovase.
Comments: a combination synthetic therapeutic vaccine medicines to increase the T-cell response plus peptides identified through studies of people with natural immunity to HCV or successful response to HCV therapy ; . IC41 has completed phase I & phase II studies and has been shown to have a good safety profile in healthy adults and previously treated HCV patients who failed to achieve a successful treatment outcome. In the HCV patients there was an increase in T-cell response and a temporary reduction of HCV RNA viral load ; . Larger phase III trials are being planned for 2006 and 2008. Medusa Interferon Interferon Long Acting Flamel Technologies Phase II.
Dosing with fluvastatin this emedtv article covers fluvastatin and the factors that will help determine your dosing and fosamprenavir.
Named for its proximity to the ear para-otid ; , produces about 25% of the saliva used for food digestion and lubrication and is a source of secretory IgA.1 Unlike the submandibular salivary glands, normal parotids are not usually palpable2 and parotid enlargement is suggestive of disease. The differential diagnosis of parotid gland enlargement includes both acute and chronic disorders. Etiologies can be divided among infections viral, bacterial, fungal, and mycobacterial autoimmune disorders eg, Sjogren's syndrome and Wegener's vasculitis malnutrition; endocrine disorders eg, diabetes, Cushing's disease, and hypothyroidism noninfectious granulomatous diseases eg, sarcoid liver failure; drugs; allergy; duct obstruction; pregnancy; and a host of benign and malig and fluvastatin.
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Seq. No. N a m BERMAS, JULIE BETH GUMIRAN 2 CORPIN, MARIE PAMELA ROSE NATIVIDAD 3 CORPUS, SHERRY ANN DEE 4 DUNCOMBE, YVONNE AQUINO 5 FERNANDEZ, PERCELYN ESTRERA 6 MANGINSAY, JACQUELINE CASTAEDA 7 MANIKAN, MICHAEL SOLIDUM 8 PEA, CATHERINE JOY AMISTAD 9 REYES, IVO CLAIRE JIMENEZ 10 SUN, RAYMUND LAURENTE NOTHING FOLLOWS Page: 2 of 2 Roll of Successful Examinees in the NURSE LICENSURE EXAMINATION - Retakers for C.G.F.N.S. Held on DECEMBER 1 & 2, 2007 Page: 582 of 596 Released on FEBRUARY 20, 2008.
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