Epirubicin bladder cancer
Drugs Humanized monoclonal antibodies trastuzumab Herceptin, Roche ; and pertuzumab 2C4, Genentech, San Francisco, CA ; were preserved at + 4jC for short-term or at 20jC for long-term storage. Rituximab Mabthera, a humanized anti-CD20 antibody, Roche, Basel, Switzerland ; was used as a control. A pan-ErbB inhibitor Ci1033 Pfizer, Plymouth, MI ; and epidermal growth factor receptor EGFR ; inhibitor ZD1839 Iressa, AstraZeneca Pharmaceuticals, Macclesfield, United Kingdom ; were diluted in DMSO as 10 mmol L stock solutions. These stock solutions were stored at 20jC and diluted with PBS at concentrations indicated in each experiment. Clinical History of the Donor Patient The sample used to initiate the JIMT-1 cell line was derived from a patient diagnosed with breast cancer at the age of 62 years. The tumor was a grade 3 invasive ductal breast cancer T2N1M0 ; , for which the patient underwent an operation with radical mastectomy and axillary lymph node evacuation. Metastases were found in 1 of lymph nodes examined. The patient was recruited to a randomized, adjuvant trastuzumab therapy trial the FinHER study ; . Adjuvant therapy was started 7 weeks after operation. According to the trial schedule, the patient was randomized to receive nine courses of weekly trastuzumab 4 mg kg initial dose, continued with 2 mg kg ; and vinorelbine 25 mg m2 ; followed by three courses of standard dose CEF: cyclophosphamide 600 mg m2 ; , epirubicin 60 mg m2 ; , and fluorouracil 600 mg m2 ; i.v. thrice weekly. Postoperative radiation therapy 50 Gy ; was applied to the ipsilateral regional lymph nodes and thoracic wall after chemotherapy. Two weeks after completion of radiation therapy, ipsilateral pleural effusion was diagnosed. Cytologic examination of the aspirated pleural fluid revealed carcinoma cells. Therapy for distant metastatic disease was initiated with thrice-weekly single-agent trastuzumab 8 mg kg initial dose ; . The disease progressed during the first three weeks extensive accumulation of pleural fluid bilaterally ; , and a palliative pleural puncture was clinically necessary. Material for cell culture came from the second aspirate. Therapy was continued with a weekly trastuzumab 2 mg kg ; and paclitaxel 80 mg m2 ; combination. After 3 weeks, accumulation of pleural fluid still continued aggressively. Subsequent palliative procedures pleurodesis and Denver shunt ; did not improve the patient's condition and she died 12 weeks after the first diagnosis of distant metastasis. The JIMT-1Cell Line Approval to use the cells for culture was obtained from the patient and the local ethical committee prior to the study. Aspirated pleural fluid was centrifuged and placed in culture dishes. The cells were grown in various culture media for 6 months, during which a medium containing Ham's F-12 DMEM 50% ; , penicillin streptomycin 100 units 100 mg ; , L-glutamine 2 mmol L ; , fetal bovine.
Contract manufacturing packing & logistics clients oncology anti cancer injectables ; cisplatin injection carboplatin injection doxorubicin injection docetaxel injection epirubicin injection etoposide injection granisetron injection amifostine injection paclitaxel injection oxaliplatin injection bleomycin injection cytarabine injection cyclophosamide injection cytosine arabinoside injection di-sodium pamidronate injection dacarbazine injection dactinomycin injection daunorubicin injection fludarabine injection gemcitabine injection irinotecan injection ifosfamide injection leuprolide injection l-asparaginase injection methotrexate injection mesna injection mitoxantrone injection topotecan injection vincristine injection vinorelbine injection vinblastine injection zolendronic acid pre-filled syringes antibiotics & anti- infectives new molecules fdc ; liquid ampoules vials biological injections cardiovascular injections neurology other injectables hormones eye ear nasal drops ifosfamide injection ifosfamide is an intravenously administered drug that requires metabolic activation by microsomal liver enzymes to form biologically active metabolites.
Epirubicin sarcoma
Hunink MGM, Wong JB, Donaldson MC, Meyerovitz MF, de Vries J, Harrington DP, 1995. Revascularization for femoropopliteal disease: a decision and cost-effectiveness analysis. JAMA; 274: 16571. Hunt LC, Lynk EL, 1995. Privatisation and efficiency in the UK water industry: an empirical analysis. Oxf Bull Econ Stat; 57: 37188. Hurley S, 1990. A review of cost-effectiveness analyses. Med J Aust; 153: S203. Hurley SF, Kaldor JM, 1992. The benefits and risks of mammographic screening for breast cancer. Epidemiol Rev; 14: 10130. Hurny C, Bernhard J, Coates AS, Castiglione-Gertsch M, Peterson HF, Gelber RD, et al., 1996. Impact of adjuvant therapy on quality of life in women with node-positive operable breast cancer. Lancet; 347: 127984. Hurteloup P, Mauriac L, Mathieu A, Montcuquet Ph, Ferriere P, Bastit P, 1987. Phase III chemotherapy in advanced breast cancer. 5-Fluorouracil + doxorubicin adriamycin ; + cyclophosphamide vs. 5-fluorouracil + epirubicin + cyclophosphamide. Preliminary results. Clin Trials J; 24: 12330. Hutchings HC, 1987. Obtaining quality-of-life and costeffectiveness data by the use of lay outcome assessors: a report from a multicenter clinical trial. Control Clin Trials; 8: 295. Hutton J, Brown R, Borowitz M, Abrams K, Rothman M, Shakespeare A, 1996. A new decision model for cost utility comparisons of chemotherapy in recurrent metastatic breast cancer. PharmacoEconomics; 9: 822. Hwang JS, Tsauo JY, Wang JD, 1996. Estimation of expected quality-adjusted survival by cross-sectional survey. Stat Med; 15: 93102. Irvine EJ, Feagan BG, Wong CJ, 1996. Does self administration of a quality-of-life index for inflammatory bowel disease change the results. J Clin Epidemiol; 49: 117785. Islam MA, 1994. An alternative to the product limit method: the multistate approach. Statistician; 43: 23745. Islam MA, 1994. Multistate survival models for transitions and reverse transitions: an application to contraceptive use data. J R Stat Soc A; 157: 44155. Islam MA, Sing KP, 1992. Multistate survival models for partially censored data. Environmetrics; 3: 22334. Iwatsubo Y, Derriennic F, Cassou B, Poitrenaud J, 1996. Predictors of life satisfaction amongst retired people in Paris. Int J Epidemiol; 25: 16070. Jacobson JJ, Schweitzer SO, Kowalski CJ, 1991. Chemoprophylaxis of prosthetic joint patients during dental treatment: a decision utility analysis. Oral Surg Oral Med Oral Pathol; 72: 16777. Jaeschke R, Guyatt GH, Keller J, Singer J, 1991. Interpreting changes in quality-of-life score in n of randomized trials. Control Clin Trials; 12: S22633.
A26 INVASIVE BREAST CANCER IN WOMEN AGED 39 OR LESS: A RETROSPECTIVE EVALUATION OF TUMOR CHARACTERISTICS AND CLINICAL OUTCOME C. Zamagni, A. Bernardi, F. Massari, M. Rosati, S. Quercia, N. Cacciari, A. Martoni Unit of Medical Oncology S.Orsola- Malpighi Hospital Bologna Italy In order to study the characteristics of younger breast cancer BC ; patients and their clinical outcome we analyzed the pts that were admitted to our unit during the last 7 yrs. Selection criteria: diagnosis of invasive BC and age 39 years at the time of the first access. Fifty-four BC pts with a median age of 35 range 24-39 ; were found; 22 and 32 pts were aged 35 and 35-39, respectively. They represent the 4.4% of the total number of BC pts referred to our Unit from 1998 to 2005. The histological types were ductal 78% ; , lobular 7% ; , ductal + lobular 13% ; and papillary 2% ; . We analyzed 3 groups of pts: 1 ; 34 pts treated with adjuvant chemotherapy CT ; 2 ; 9 pts treated with primary CT and 3 ; 11 pts with metastatic BC. Group 1: stage I 24%, II 38% and III 38%; nodepositive 24 71% ER + PgR + 41%; ER + PgR - 21%; ER -. PgR + 12%; ER - PgR 26%; HER-2 3 + in 6 pts evaluated. Mastectomy was performed in 65% and conservative surgery in 35%. All of these pts were treated with adjuvant CT: CMF in 24%; epirubicin followed by CMF or FEC in 44%; anthra + paclitaxel in 15% and high-dose sequential HDS ; CT in 17%. CT was followed by hormonal therapy HT ; if ER and or PgR were positive. After a median follow-up FU ; of 46 mo.s range 2-88 ; 6 pts relapsed and 3 died. Group 2: stage II 3 pts, III 6 pts; ER + PgR + 22%, ER + PgR33% and ER- PgR- 45%; HER-2 3 + in 3 pts. Primary CT consisted of anthra + paclitaxel in 5 pts, EPI in 3 and HDS CT in 1 case. In 5 pts a conservative surgery was performed; 7 pts were also treated with postoperative CT HDS in 3 cases ; . One pt relapsed and died, while 8 pts are alive and disease-free after a median FU of 28 mo.s range 4-79 ; . Group 3: 4 pts were stage IV at diagnosis, while 7 pts had received prior adjuvant CTHT. The dominant metastatic site was visceral in 5, bone in 3 and soft tissues in 3. The first line of CT mainly in the setting of clinical trials ; was HDS in 6, anthra + taxanes in 3 and taxanestrastuzumab in 2 cases. All but two pts progressed after initial response to first-line CT and 6 developed brain metastases. After a median FU of 31 mo.s range 8-63 ; 5 pts have died. Conclusions: the younger women referred to our unit represent a selected population with early BC at high-risk of relapse or with locally advanced or metastatic aggressive BC. Even though the results in terms of DFS and.
Epirubicin stability
The data in table 7 shows that by the year 2010, allowing for the estimated increase in workload, the cancer centre in Glasgow will require 14 linacs. This is the same number as that obtained assuming that there are 5 linacs per million head of population.
8 results of a randomized trial demonstrated that dexrazoxane protects against the development of cardiotoxicity when high single doses of epirubicin are used, without affecting antitumor activity and eplerenone.
Tenance of cytotoxicity and restriction of cardiotoxicity Table 1 ; . Epirubicin-paclitaxel combinations Apart from schedule-optimization and lower cumulative doses of doxorubicin, the cardiotoxicity of the anthracycline-taxane combination might be reduced by employing a less cardiotoxic analog. Epirubicin seems particularly attractive because of its antitumor activity, which is similar to that of the parent compound, with reduced cardiotoxicity and mucositis [33]. The dose-finding studies of the epirubicin-paclitaxel combination were started when the preliminary data of doxorubicin-paclitaxel were already available, so the investigators administered the taxane as a short infusion and the patients were carefully monitored for potential cardiotoxicity. Some of these studies have been completed and the most striking feature is the lack of cardiac toxicity: only 6% of the patients showed a decline of the left ventricular ejection fraction below 50% and developed a mild congestive heart failure; in particular, only three of our patients experienced a grade 3 cardiotoxicity, the first two at cumulative epirubicin doses of 720 and 1080 mg sqm, and the third after 540 mg sqm cumulative epirubicin followed by high-dose chemotherapy [34-37]. The excellent cardiac tolerability of this combination cannot be explained solely on the basis of the lower cardiotoxic effects of epirubicin. Additional explanations could be a better selection of the patients and, at least in two trials [35, 36], the use of low epirubicin doses. However, very recent studies from Gianni et al. [30] and our group [37] have shown that the co-administration of epirubicin and paclitaxel induces an increased glucurunidation of epirubicin, leading to increased urinary elimination and decreased plasma levels of epirubicinol; these secondary alcohol metabolites doxorubicinol and epirubicinol ; have been shown to play an important role in the pathogenesis of cardiac damage [38]. Therefore, the pharmacokinetic interferences of anthracycline-paclitaxel are completely different according to the anthracycline employed, with the doxorubicin-paclitaxel combination showing a potentiation of cardiotoxicity that is not observed with the epirubicin-paclitaxel combinations. The logical question then is: do these pharmacokinetic interferences alter the antitumor activity of the combination? In two trials the overall and the complete response rates were 44%-50% and less than 10%, respectively [35, 36]; in our trial the overall response rate was 84% but the rate of complete remissions was 19% only [37]. These response rates and particularly that of the complete responses are lower than those reported with the doxorubicin-paclitaxel regimens; however, there are profound differences in the characteristics of the patients and in the anthracycline dosages across these studies.
Doxorubicin epirubicin
Casali P, Licitra L, Tondini C, de Braud F, Bruzzi P, Costa A, et al. START: a European state-of-the-art on-line instrument for clinical oncologists. Ann Oncol 1999; 10: 769-774. Frustaci S, Buonadonna A, Romanini A, Comandone A, Dalla Palma M, Gamucci T, Verusio C, Lionetto R, Dani C, Casali P, Santoro A. Increasing dose of continuous infusion ifosfamide and fixed dose of bolus epirubicin in soft tissue sarcomas. A study of the Italian Group on Rare Tumors. Tumori 1999; 85: 229-233. Ruggeri B, Ballatori E, Casali P, Tamburini M, Licitra L, Mencaglia E, Roila F, Cortesi E, Massidda B, Costantini M principal investigators, for the Italian Group for Evaluation of Outcomes in Oncology ; . Awareness of disease among Italian cancer patients: is there a need for further improvement in patient information? Ann Oncol 1999; 10: 1095-1100. Tamburini M, Casali PG, Miccinesi G. Outcome assessment in cancer management Surg Clin North 2000; 80: 471-486. Mancuso T, Mezzelani A, Riva C, Fabbri A, Dal Bo L, Sampietro G, Perego P, Casali P, Zunino F, Sozzi G, Pierotti MA, Pilotti S. Analysis of SYT-SSX fusion transcripts and bcl-2 expression and phosphorylation status in synovial sarcoma. Lab Invest 2000; 80: 805-13. Casali PG, Licitra L, Bruzzi P. QUOROM and the search for an updated `clinical method' in the era of evidence-based medicine Editorial ; . Ann Oncol 2000; 11: 923-925. Collini P, Sampietro G, Bertulli R, Casali PG, Luksch R, Mezzelani A, Sozzi G, Pilotti S. Cytokeratin immunoreactivity in 41 cases of ES PNET confirmed by molecular diagnostic studies letter to the Editor ; . J Surg Pathol 2001; 25: 273-274. BOOK CHAPTERS Santoro A, Casali P, Zucchinelli P. Ewing's sarcoma. In: Cvitkovic, Droz, Armand, Khoury. Handbook of Chemotherapy in Clinical Oncology. Scientific Communication International Ltd; p. 680-682, 1993. Casali P, Santoro A. Bone malignant tumours other than osteosarcoma and Ewing's sarcoma. In: Peckam M, Pinedo HM, Veronesi U. Oxford Textbook of Oncology. Oxford: Oxford University Press; p. 1976-1982; 1995. Santoro A, Casali P. Soft tissue and bone sarcomas. In: Cancer Chemotherapy and Biological Response Modifiers. Annual 17 Pinedo HM, Longo DL, Chabner BA, eds. ; . Amsterdam: Elsevier, 1997, pp. 612-618. Santoro A, Casali P. Sarcomas. In: Textbook of Medical Oncology Cavalli F, Hansen HH, Kaye SB, eds. ; . London: Dunitz, 1997, pp. 217228. MEETING ABSTRACTS and epogen.
Osteosarcoma 170. , 198.5 secondary code ; Bleomycin, Cisplatin, Cyclophosphamide, 1 Dactinomycin, Doxorubicin, Etoposide, 1 Ifosfamide, Leucovorin, Melphalan, 3 Methotrexate, Vincristine, Zoledronic Acid1 Ovary 183.0 Altretamine, 1 Amifostine, Carboplatin, Chlorambucil, Chromic Phosphate P 32, 1 Cisplatin, Cyclophosphamide, Dactinomycin, 3 Docetaxel, 1 Doxorubicin, Doxorubicin Liposomal, Epirubicin Hydrochloride, 1 Etoposide, Floxuridine, Fluorouracil, Gemcitabine, Hydroxyurea, 1 Ifosfamide, Interferon Alpha 2a, 2b, 3 Melphalan, Methotrexate, 1 Paclitaxel, Thalidomide3 xx, Thiotepa, Topotecan Hydrochloride, Treosulfan, 1 Uracil Mustard, 3 Vinorelbine1 Ovary Germ Cell ; 183.9 Bleomycin, Chlorambucil, Cisplatin, Cyclophosphamide, Dactinomycin, 1 Doxorubicin, Doxorubicin Lipsomal, 1 Etoposide, 1 Ifosfamide1 Vinblastine, 1 Vincristine1 Pancreas 157. Dacarbazine, Doxorubicin, 1 Erlotinib Hydrochloride, Fluorouracil, Gemcitabine Hydrochloride, Ifosfamide, 1 Methotrexate, 1 Mitomycin, Octreotide Paget's Disease of Bone Etidronate, Pamidronate, Plicamycin 731.0.
Epirubicin doses
The high-dose sequential Milan ; chemotherapy PBSC transplantation regimen for patients with lymphoma is not cardiotoxic M. Ghielmini, F. Zappa, A. Menafoglio, L. Caoduro, S. Pampallona & A. Gallino Dose-finding study of epidoxorubicin and docetaxel as first-line chemotherapy in patients with advanced breast cancer O. Pagani, C Sessa, G. Martinelli, D. Crivellari, A. Buonadonna, B. Thiirlimann, D. Hess, M. Borner, J. Bauer, G. Zampino, M. Zimatore, R. Graffeo, A. Riva & A. Goldhirsch Front-line treatment of metastatic breast cancer with docetaxel and epirubicin: A multicenter dose-escalation study C. Kouroussis, E. Xydakis, A. Potamianou, T. Giannakakis, S. Kakolyris, S. Agelaki, E. Sara, N. Malamos, A. Alexopoulos, D. Mavroudis, G. Samonis, S. Papadouris, V. Georgoulias & G. Panagos Dose-finding study of docetaxel and doxorubicin in first-line treatment of patients with metastatic breast cancer J.L. Misset, V. Dieras, G. Gruia, H. Bourgeois, E. Cvitkovic, S. Kalla, L. Bozec, P. Beuzeboc, C. Jasmin, J.P. Aussel, A. Riva, N. Azli & P. Pouillart Standard- and high-dose etoposide, ifosfamide, carboplatin, and epirubicin in 100 patients with small-cell lung cancer: A mature follow-up report S. Fetscher, W. Brugger, R. Engelhardt, L. Kanz, J. Hasse, H. Frommhold, W. Lange & R. Mertelsmann Chemotherapy in carcinomas of unknown primary site: A high-dose intensity policy S. Culine, M. Fabbro, M. Ychou, G. Romieu, D. Cupissol & H. Pujol Phase I and pharmacologic study of 9-aminocamptothecin colloidal dispersion formulation in patients with refractory or relapsed acute leukemia M Vey, H. Kantarjian, H. Tran, M. Beran, S. O'Brien, C Bivins, F. Giles, J. Cortes, B. Cheson, S. Arbuck & E. Estey Clinical case Synchronous inflammatory breast cancer and advanced ovarian carcinoma: A case with prolonged disease-free survival V. Sanclor, E. Reed, G. Sarosy, L.P. Middleton, P. Davis & E. Kohn and epoprostenol.
The anthracycline class of compounds has been used extensively as effective chemotherapeutic agents for a variety of hematological and solid tumors. Anthracyclines are known to be successful in the treatment of childhood-related malignancies, doxorubicin being used most frequently Kremer et al., 2002; Katzenstein et al., 2003 ; . However, the potential myocardial toxicity associated with the cumulative dose of this drug is a major limitation for safe and effective pediatric use. Epirubicin or 4 -epi-doxorubicin, a synthetic derivative of daunorubicin, is a cell cycle phase, nonspecific anthracycline and has been used as a major component of cancer chemotherapy for a wide spectrum of metastatic diseases, including breast and bladder cancer Ormrod et al., 1999; Lunardi et al., 2002; Harris et al., 2003 ; . The precise mechanism underlying epirubicin cytotoxicity has not been completely elucidated, and safety and efficacy have not been determined in pediatric patients. Epirubicin and doxorubicin are structurally highly similar, differing only in the orientation of the 4 -hydroxy group. However, this minor difference leads to significant differences in the pharmacokinetics and metabolism of these drugs. Epirubicin is extensively metabolized by the liver to epirubicin glucuronide Fig. 1 ; and epirubicinol, with subsequent biliary excretion of the glucuronide conjugate approximately 25% of dose ; Weenen et al., 1983, 1984 ; . Using adult human liver microsomes and heterologous.
Epirubicin dosage and administration
Key words: aromatase inhibitors • trastuzumab herceptin ; • capecitabine xeloda ; • epirubicin citeulike connotea del and eprosartan.
| Epirubicin storageDiscuss with your doctor the appropriate use of birth control during treatment with epirubicin if necessary.
Performed. The fraction of the mass of drug contained in particles of a diameter of 5 |xm was considered the respirable fraction RF ; .4 9 Each nebulizer was initially run without an Vl until dryness no aerosol cloud was visible in the laser beam for a 30-s period ; .913 Subsequently, the nebulizers were run for either 4 or 5 min to the and erbitux.
Lilly Oncology Gemzar Patient Assistance Program 888 ; 4-GEMZAR lillyoncology * For GEMZAR gemcitabine hydrochloride ; . Merck and Co., Inc. Accessing Coverage Today ACT ; Program 866 ; 363-6379 * For EMEND aprepitant ; Novartis Pharmaceuticals Novartis Patient Assistance Program 800 ; 277-2254 * For FEMARA letrozole ; , ZOMETA zoledronic acid ; . Ortho Biotech, Inc. Procritline 800 ; 553-3851 procritline * For PROCRIT epoetin alfa ; . 800 ; 609-1083 doxilline * For DOXIL liposomal doxorubicin ; . Pfizer Pfizer Connection to Care 800 ; 707-8990 pfizer * For DEPO-PROVERA medroxyprogesterone ; . Pfizer FirstRESOURCE 877 ; 744-5675 pfizer * For ELLENCE epirubicin hydrocloride ; , AROMASIN exemestane ; , ZINECARD dexrazoxane ; . Roche Laboratories, Inc. ONCOLINE Patient Assistance Program 800 ; 443-6676 * For XELODA capecitabine ; , KYTRIL granisetron.
| Complete response is between 7 and 18 months. Despite the lack of apparent benefit in terms of survival, decreased pain and control over local disease is often considerable. The most commonly used regime in squamous cell carcinoma SCC ; of the head and neck, cisplatin + fluorouracil, has led to disappointing results in terms of objective response 5. Taxol is effective above all in mucoepidermoid carcinomas and in adenocarcinomas 6. Among the combinations, administration of carboplatin + taxol has, in our experience on 14 patients, resulted in 2 partial responses and 7 cases of stabilised disease 7. The association of cisplatin, adriamycin and cyclophosphamide has a significant effect with a total response rate between 27% and 50% 8. The protocol cisplatin, adriamycin or epirubicin and 5 fluorouracil has shown a total response rate between 37% and 47% 9, comparable to that of the cis and ergotamine.
Tion"and inability to regain access patient 3 ; . All patients except patients 1 and 3 were considered to be stone-free at the termination of the procedure on the basis of findings at fluoroscopy, on palpation of the drive cable, and at early postprocedune US examina tion 24 hours ; . In patient 1, a 4-mm calculus was adhered to the wall and could not be pulled into the vortex. Endoscopy at 24 and 96 hours revealed the adhen ent calculus, but the 7-F vascular en doscope lacked a working channel, and the stone was left behind in its original location. At 1 month, the Volume 178 Number 3 and epirubicin.
Epirubicin hcl & doxorubicin hcl
Table 17-4. Cisco SNMP trap types continued ; Keyword syslog tty udp-port voice x25 xgcp Description Allow SNMP syslog traps Allow TCP connection traps The server host's UDP port number Allow SNMP voice traps Allow X25 event traps Allow XGCP protocol traps and erlotinib.
Findings suggest that hyperamylinemia may be associated with increased linear growth. Because nutrient intake results in amylin secretion, the regulation of chondrocyte function by amylin provides a pathway by which growth and the availability of the required substrates from food might be linked. This mechanism may have contributed to the progressive increases in the height of young adults over the last 100 years as nutrition has improved 11, 13 ; . An increase in the fat mass of amylin-treated animals has been predicted from its effects on intermediary metabolism 5 ; . Amylin causes insulin resistance in the liver and in muscle 12 ; but not in adipocytes 6 ; . Thus hyperamylinemia results in hyperinsulinemia, which, in turn, stimulates lipogenesis. In the context of a potential treatment for osteoporosis, these effects on energy metabolism are undesirable. The intact amylin molecule is necessary for the peptide effects on carbohydrate metabolism. However, we have recently established that there are fragments of the amylin molecule that retain the capacity to stimulate osteoblast proliferation 10 ; . We have also found that the structurally related peptide adrenomedullin shares amylin's proliferative effects on osteoblasts in vitro and in vivo and that these can also be isolated to peptide fragments that lack the vasodilating effects of the parent molecule 9 ; . Thus the potential exists to explore this family of peptides with a view to identifying those with optimal osteotropic effects but without deleterious actions on other tissues. This research is potentially of substantial relevance to the therapy of osteoporosis. Bone mass can be increased either by the inhibition of bone resorption or by the stimulation of bone formation. The bisphosphonates provide a potent class of antiresorptive agents but can only reduce fracture rates by 50% and do not restore bone density to normal. Parathyroid hormone shows promise, although it probably needs to be administered together with an antiresorptive agent. One company has recently halted its research program in this area, apparently because of inadequate efficacy. Development of a second anabolic candidate, insulinlike growth factor I, has also stopped because of problems with hypoglycemia, and most of the other potential agents also have difficulties with toxicity arising from their actions on many tissues. Some of these have a propensity to stimulate the formation of woven rather than lamellar bone, and all are stimulators of bone resorption when given alone. The amylin-adrenomedullin family of peptides may be able to avoid many of these pitfalls, and, therefore, these peptides have a promising profile as potential anabolic factors for the treatment of osteoporosis. They merit examination in other models, including animals with postovariectomy bone loss.
Prescription Drugs
Control Number: 06-AB-1086-ESMO Topic 1: Breast cancer, early PresentationPreference: Publishing Title: CLINICAL OUTCOME OF LOCALLY ADVANCED BREAST CANCER LABC ; TREATED WITH NEOADJUVANT CHEMOTHERAPY NA-CT ; : A PHASE II TRIAL - EPIRUBICIN E ; , CYCLOPHOSPHAMIDE C ; , AND PACLITAXEL T ; . Abstract Body: Background: Over the last decade, neoadjuvant chemotherapy, as part of multimodality treatment, has become the standard therapy of locally advanced breast cancer, to increase Disease Free Survival DFS ; and Overall Survival OS ; . Aim of our study was to verify the long-term efficacy of NA-CT, to make an attempt to increase the response rate prior to surgery. Patients and Methods: From November 1999 to December 2001, 49 patients received 4 cycles of EC-Taxol dose dense regimen Epirubicin 90 mg m2, d1-d28, Ciclophosphamide 600 mg m2, d1-d28 and Taxol175 mg m2, d14-d42 ; . 44, 5% of the patients were pre-menopausal and 55, 5% pos-menopausal; 68, 9% presented stage III A and 31, 1% stage III B; all but 4 patients had a ductal invasive carcinoma and Estrogen Receptors were positive in 62, 3%. Results: Clinical response rate complete and partial ; was considered in 83, 7%. Surgery was performed in 91, 1% of the patients and radiotherapy in 4 of the 6 non-responder patients. At surgery, 33, 3% of patients had no residual or minimal microscopic residual tumor pCR ; . The axillary nodes were negative pN- ; in 60, 6%. The most common grade III adverse event was neutropenia 73, 3% of the patients, and 67, 7% received G-CSF 8, 4 patients ; presented arthralgia, myalgia and bone pain and vomiting grade III; 2 patients had a grade III increase in alk phosp; 1 patient had a hypersensitivity reaction grade III. None patients had decrease LVFE more than 10%. All of patients had alopecia grade II. At a median follow-up of 55 months 51-65 ; , 4, 5 years DFS were 90% and Overall Survival have not yet been reached because all patients were alive. Conclusions: Excellent control of disease local and distant ; has been achieved using a multimodality approach with this neoadjuvant regimen EC-T, in patients with LABC. This regimen is a highly active, with 83, 7% of clinical response and 33, 3% of pCR and 60, 6% of negative axillary lymph nodes; pCR in breast and or in axilla was a independent prognostic factor and ertapenem
517: Epirubicin paclitaxel EP ; vs. capecitabine paclitaxel XP ; in first-line metastatic breast cancer: a prospective, randomized multicentric phase III study of the AGO breast cancer study group in cooperation with AGO Austria and eplerenone.
Epirubicin wikipedia
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Epirubicin drug
Epirubbicin, epirunicin, epirubicim, epirublcin, epirubicun, epiruibcin, epirubicib, epirubkcin, epigubicin, epirugicin, epi5ubicin, epirubickn, epirubiciin, wpirubicin, peirubicin, epirubucin, epieubicin, epirubixin, eplrubicin, pirubicin.
Epirubicin hplc
Epirubicin sarcoma, epirubicin stability, doxorubicin epirubicin, epirubicin medication and epirubicin doses. Epirubicin dosage and administration, epirubicin storage, epirubicin hcl & doxorubicin hcl and Prescription Drugs or epirubicin wikipedia.
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